Firearm



J'. D. PEDERSENl FIREARIVI.

APPLICATION'FILED`APR.22,19H1. RENEWED MAY 29.19IQ.

Patend Mar. 9, 192D@ mesma..

JOHN D. FEDER-SEN, 0F JACKSON, WYOMING.

l meenam. l I

Patented Mar. 9, 1929.

application mea apen ze, 4191s, serial no. 230,042. 'aenewea'may as, 1919. serial` N. 300,791.

Tpj allwwm t may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN D. PnDnRsEN, a citizen of theUnited States, residing in Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and State of Wyoming, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a speciiication. l f This invention relates to that class of firearms in which the barrel is without longitudinal movement relative tothe frame, but is detachably united thereto. l My present improvements are especially applicable to that class of small-arms commonly designated as auto-loadin pistolsg" described'and claimed in my 'copending application, Serial No. 209,485, filed Dec. 29, 1917, to which reference maybe had; also,

I employ in the mechanism herein illus-` trated, certain features described and claimed in my opending application, Serial No. 204,149, file-d November 27th,v 1917, in-

y cludig the improved rinterlock-connection.

therein described for detachably uniting the barrel to the frame. and comprising a trans:- verse bar, or cross-bar 7, that is directly coactive with the 'breech-slide for holding in place and releasing such 'cross-bar.

V In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side View or elevation of the upper portion ofv an.

auto-loading pistol `comprising my present improvements in a preferred form and arrangement there'of; in this v iew the boltcarrier, `or breech-slide, S, is shown in its forward or firing position. f

Fig. 2 i a side elevation similar to and drawn in alinement with and below Fig. l,

but showing the breech-slide S retracted on the frame,F, to about the usual loading positrating the arrangement of the4 shaft-form and I' ,an enlarged scale and with some portions .broken away or shown in section, for lllustrating the preferred arrangementy of the principal coacting members.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectionalview taken about,f in line X, Fig. 3, for illustratin said barreland-frame-uniting cross-bar, in a side view thereof; this view is drawn on a scalecorresponding to Fig. 4. l l p l rIhe detail views'Figs. 6, 7, and 8, are respectively,za plan view, side view and an end view of the rotatable cross-bar, or shaft, C, in the preferred form thereof shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive.

The detail views Figs. 9, 10, and 11, are

respectively, a plan view, (as in Fig. 4), a 70l side view, (as in Figs. 1, 2), and an end view, (as seen from the left-hand in Figs. l, v 2, 4), ofthe slide-lock member, or lever, al. Figs. 12 and 13 are fragmentary. side views, (corresponding to a mid-portion of Fig. l), for illustrating 'certain features of theloperation ofthe mechanism, as hereinaftermore fully explained. f

Fig; 14 is a sectional plan view, similar to a portion of Fig. 4, forillu'strating a modi- 80 ficatlon as regards the manner of supporting the slide-lock member; and, Fig. 15 is a fragmentary side view drawn below and in alinement with Fig. 14, for vfurther illusy ltratin'gsaid modification. 85 Similar characters designate likefpartsV in all the views.

In the drawing, F represents the upper portion of the frame or receiver of an l.auto-loading pistol of the class' to which ymy 90 present invention is applicable. This framemember in practice, may be made of any ysuitable design and proportions, and-the particular design, F, shown herein, has been tion, and beca'use itvmay be considered as typical of various'y other such frames which are already well-known in this art.

The bolt-carrying breech-slide,'-designat ed in a general way by S,'-i's provided with'` a lock-face'and is shown slidably mounted l for reciprocatory movements forwardly and rearwardly on the frame F in a well-known manner, and is thus retractable through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position. The slide F may be guided in its said movements by means of the usual kind of interengaging ribs and grooves; these are clearly shown (in one suitable forni thereof) in the sectional view Fig. 5, and being already common in the art, do not require Aa particular' description. f

The forward portion of the slide S, (at the left-hand in I*`igs. 1 and 2) is shown formed with an interior barrel chamber, 3, and as having in section, (Fig. 5), a customary inverted U-shape, so that the slide, at the section indicated, may be said to have,-to be made up of,-a top-wall, as 3", (usually curved about as shown), and the two depending side-walls, 3, 3', which may usua'lly extend downwardly,about as herein shown,-to a. position somewhat lower than the bore of the barrel. In one of these side-walls,-in this instance, the slide-Wall Bcf-there is formed a recess or te-wa as 2. Thus, it may be said that the slide, has a depending side-wall having an inwardly-facing surface thereof in a position for being,-on a partial retraction of the slide,-drawn out of en ment with the cross-shaft and the sli eock, to thereby first ermit4 the cross-shaft, and later the slideook to be withdrawn. For these purposes, as also set forth in my said prior applications, said depending wall, as 3 en gages over one side of the frame, and the cross-shaft seats are itioned in the frame at a height part-ly abii'e and partl below the lower ed e of said depending wal The barre is designated in a neral way b B, and shown inclosed within the slidec amber 3*, (Figs. 3, .4), excepting that the forward end, 2", 1s shown slidably in a well-known manner in a r1 or bearing, 3, which is removably fixed 1n the forward end of said slide member, so that said endrtion 2* may be said to extend outwa ly, in a forward direction, from said chamber, 3; this. feature of the barrelmounting is also illustrated in my aforesaid prior applications. Thetem'porary removal of said rin 3, also' facilitates the preliminary assem ling of the slide and barrel, as will be readily understood. The rear end, 2", of the barrel B is shown `enlar 'to nearly lill, transversely, said cham r 3, and thus also to form at 2, a shoulder, `be' tween which and said bearing 3, the slideactuating spring, N, is held under suitable In 4the s stem as thus far described,- of organizing t e three rincipel members of an auto-loadi pisto, it is contemplated that,-for t e urposes of my present improvements,-t e barrel at the rearward 'end thereof will be supported ad releesebly resupported tained in position by an interlock-connection directly with the frame. It is also desirable, obviously, thus releasably to unite the barrel and frame in such a manner that the rearward end of the barrel can have no material amount of movement,-can have no 1)lay, properly so called,-transverselv of the flame either laterally or vertical y. When the slide S has the usual upper wall, (as indicatedl for instance, at 3b, Fig. 3), of course, the barrel B will be covered or housed in by said slide-wall. However, the rear end 2b of the barrel, is preferably so reduced in4 size relative to said chamber space within the slide, as not to ,actually bear against the inner surface of said slidewa-ll,-thus avoidin the possibility of any undue friction as tween the barrel and the moving slide. When said parts are thus arranged and roperly fitted, a slight space will be formed) between the slide-walls and barrel-end 2", as indicated at 3, (Figs. 3 and 5),' where,in accordance with -a conventional practice,the very small amount of space actually or normally required is shown somewhat enlarged to secure clearvness of illustration.

For releasably connecting the barrel lwith the frame, these members are herein shown as being provided with interen agin portions of the nature of an inter ock evice. Accordingly, as a suitable form thereof, the frame F .is herein shown having formed therein the recess a3, (see Figs. 3, 5) and the barrel B is shown provided with a downward extension which in practice may have any convenient form suitable for the particular size and shape of said recess. Said depending rtion of the barrel, should, of course, fit rat er closely betweenv the side walls of the recess so that the rearward end of the barrel will be held in l,place with a pro r de ee of rigidity.

en t e barrel is put in place on the frame, these two members are then strongly united by-means ofa transverse bar, as C, ,which, for the present purposes is made circular in section, so that it may be turned in alined cross-shaft seats formed in the barrel and frame respectively, at l5z and w, a", (see Fig. 4.) Thus the transverse member C,

constitutes a cross-shaft which is a barreland-frame-uniting member disposed in and fitted to be turned in, said alined seats, and which, being seated in the frame and passing through the barrel, is thereby adapted for directly taking the recoil force of the barrel after the manner of a beam which is supported at each end thereof and has a heavy preure applied mid-way of its length and 1n a direction transverse thereto. Also, it may be said that theusual slide advancing spring, N, is a slide-actuating means coactiva with, and a purtenant to, the assembled frame, barre and slide, for subjecting the cross-shaft to a resistance to being turned in said shaft-seats, and for transmitting a movement-resisting force through said shaft, C, (and, in this instance, through the actuator device 7 thereof) to the slide-lock.

The cross-shaft C is herein shown provided with an enlarged end, or head-portion, as c4, which is reduced at c2 to form the transversestop-face c6, and is shown so fitted that the face c7 thereof (Fig. 4) comes against a side surface of the barrel lug b', and is thereby held against longitudinal movement in one direction. Outward movement is. similarly prevented by said transverse surface c of said shaft-head 04 engaging the inner surfaceh of the slide wall 3,- see Fig. 4. When the cross-shaft is thus provided with the two movement-limiting surfaces, as 0G and c7, the opposite end, c5 of said shaft may be so arranged and fitted as vnot to actually engage with or against the slide-wall 3, this is a preferred arrangement and is the one shown in the drawing.

On account of the usual mode of taking the pistol in hand, it will usually be desirable to locate the cross-shaft with the head o* thereof at the left-hand side of the pistol frame, and this, it will be understood, is the arrangement herein illustrated. However, it will be evident that said arrangement may be reversed, should occasion require, and the firearm be constructed in such a manner (not herein shown) as to bring said cross-bar or shaft with ythe head thereof at the right-hand side of the frame.

In order to provide. for inserting and withdrawing said cross-shaft C when constructed and positioned as here eXplained,

one of the slide-walls, (in this instance, the

wall 3c) has a recess, or shaft-releasing space, as 2, (Figs. 1, 2, 12, 13), in such a position therein that when the slide is at some convenient point between the ends of its travel, or working stroke from a firing to a loading position,` this recess or space will come into alinement with said cross-shaft seat co4', ofthe frame (Fig. 12) and thereby permit saidshaft to be pushed out through said .recess as through a door or gate-way therefon In practice, said recess or gate-way, 2,. should be solocated as not to be in front of the face or shoulderl c, of the cross-shaft when the slide S is -being held in a fully retracted position (Fig. 2), and so that the user, when desiring to take out the crossi shaft, will be required-to draw bacltthe slide for only a. short distance. This arrangement,-as indicatedby comparison of Figs. 1, 2, 12,' 13,-also .has the advantage that-in the normal operation of the firearm, saidgate-Way recess will pass the cross-shaft C while mov-ing at ahigh velocity, thereby spring N, and the action of the recoil, each applies pressure tothe cross-shaft C during the time the recess 2 is passing this shaft, and thus tends to hold the shaft so firmly as to prevent. any longitudinal movement thereof during such a brief time-interval.

In my aforesaid application Serial No. 209,485, I have shown and'described how a stop-arm, (also designated as the slide-lock) may be. carried directly upon a frame-andshaft-connecting cross-bar which operates as lan arm-carrying shaft, and' which, also, is

been employed, in which the slide-lock arm,

or lever, d, is formed as a separate member and is operably-supported on the frame independently of the cross-shaft C. The slidelock is herein shown operatively connected with 'sa-id shaft C by a shaft-turning actuator device appurtenant to said lever or arm; in this instance, said device is the tooth or projection 7, which coactively engages the shaft. For these purposes, said member (l is shown provided with a hub or journal, cl, which is located adjacent tosaid shaft-head c4. lThus the arm-axis, as (Fig. 4), is located rearward of the shaft axis z', and accordingly said arm, d, may be relatively :shorter than indicated in said construction as shown in Figs. 1 to 4l of said prior application, No.' 209,485, provided of course, that the cross-shaft and the inwardly-projecting vprojection d2 are inthe same positions relasaid arm al, also rotates o1' turns the crossshaft C, through a correspondingly large arc of movement, and thus provides a better frictional resistance than would otherwise be secured from said transmitted force lof the slide-actuating spring.

The locking-arm al is preferably supporti ed on the frameby means of a pivotal connection therewith, this connection being located. adjacent to and rearward of shaft C.

Fory this purpose the short hub-portion c4 of the stop-arm may be so formed as to consti- -tutea journal and be closely fitted to rotate .or 4turn within tlebearing at b5, formed in the main frame F 5 and, by a precise locatlng iso 'sli

v rearward end of the stop-arm. This feature of the rolling' engagement of the said two portions c4 and d* is deemed to be especially desirable, whenever the hub d* shall be fitted to turn rather freely, so that it might have .an excess of freedom or play, in its said bearing.

Instead of the construction just described, however, said hub d* in some instances may be made tubular, as shown for instance in Figs. 14 and 15. In this modification, a stud or fixed shaft, 57, is supported in (or it may be formed on) the frame, in any wellknown or suitable manner, so that the arm (l will turn upon this shaft, as upon a pivot. This arrangement is deemed to be preferable when it is desired, for any reason, to have a clear space, as t, (Fig. 14), between the stoparm and the surface of shaft C; the provision of this space t, of course, requires that the tooth 7 shall project from the hub d* a relatively greater distance than otherwise, inA order to properly engage with the shaft C.

Said lever or arm d, as will now be evident, constitutes a means,v or handle whereby the operator may turn the shaft C under the transmitted pressure of said slideactuating spring during a swinging movement of the slide-lock about the pivoted connection thereof with the frame, and whereby the slide S may be locked in and released from its retracted position. Similarly as described in my said application Serial No,v 209,485, the lever d is herein shown provided with a slide-lock face, 4e, and with the inward projection, d2, whereby this slide-lock member d may be actuated upwardly toward the slide-engaging position thereof, by means of the usual springactuated magazine follower, as n, (Figs. l8, 4), and thereby lock the slide S in retracted position (Fig. 2)' whenever thel supply of cartridges in the magazine shall become exhausted.

This arrangement will be clearly understood from the sectional plan view Fig. 4, in which said lever arm d, is shownprovided with inward projections d2 extending` through the opening at f3 of the frame. In this view 'the inner end of said projection .d2 is shown in position for engaging with the upper side of the usual follower as n, of the ordinary magazine, m, of the firearm. (See Figs. 3, 4, 14.) Since said-follower n is in practice actuated by a spring (which,

being a well-known device, is not shown), whenl said follower rises upwardly to a point for engaging said inward projection d2, therebyl the lever-arm d will be springactuated, 'for the pur ose of raising the lockend or face 4e of sail lever-arm into contact i applied to, the slide-lock, or stop-arm, d,

by transmitting thereto ai resistant force derived from the aforesaid slide-actuating spring. This spring, as N, acting through the barrel B and its depending part, or lu b', applies a pressure to the cross-shaft and thereby tends to restrict the freedom of rotation, or turning movement, of this shaft bythe amount of the friction so produced. The stop-arm d' and said shaft C beingv separate members, and neither one .comprising the other, are therefore to be provided with some suitable coacting action means whereby these two members may' have concurrent rotative movements. about their vrespective axes; the extent of these movements, of course, will be determined, in practice, by the required extent, in any particular instance, of the swinging movement of the stop-arm d.

A preferred .means for accomplishing these objects, is illustrated herein, and consists of a one-tooth form of gear-segment,

lcomprising a projecting tooth, or actuator-member, as 7, projectin from the hubportion d* of said arm, an engaging in a coactive mannerv with said shaft C, which shaft, for such purpose, may have a suitable tooth-receiving space, as 8, (see Figs. 6 to 11), into which said tooth meshes, after the manner, substantially, of ordinary toothed-gearing. Thus when the stop-arm is forcibly turned, or swung up or down, the shaft C will be rotated in the reverse direction and by an amount corresponding to the radius-ratio of the respective coacting gear-tooth',vor actuation faces. Also, when placed in' either said position, Iup or down, the control thus supplied through the ishaft C, constantly tends to hold the lockvthis coaction may be said to be such as to impart concurrent turning movements to said members C and d, 1n opposite directions, respectlvelv.' I

insana 'The toothspace 8*, is shown formed in the larger portion .c4 of the cross-shaft C,

l l' so that said-space does not need to extend nearer to the shaft-axisline`z, (Fig. 4) than is the outer surface of the smaller portion es of this shaft.I -By means, of. this arrangement, one endAof said space 8 is open, or

i unclosed, whereas the other end vis closed by the transverse surface, or face, 8, (Fig. 7 which,-in l the assembled mechanism,-en gages against the` outer-end face V7a of the actuator device, or tooth 7, as will 'be seen by a comparison of the several views in which these facesand other details are illus'- trated. Thus. said tooth-space end-face 8 Aconstitutes a stop-,face whereby to 'engage the outer-end face 7 0f the tooth' 7 and thereby operate as a means, wherebyto retain the armfhub d* (and the slide-lock a a whole) securely in place. This result, of course,'re`quires that the "shaft C shall itself, in the assembled mech# anism, be held againstretraction' (longitudinally thereof) out of the frame this shaft-retention 1s herein obtained bymaking on vsaid enlargedportion c, the transversevface c in position for engaging with the inner slide-wall face 3F, (Figs. 5, 15), 1n the manner already explained. Thus ,said slide-wall norm'ally,and exceptingv during. the operation ofdisassembling,-is a' means 'appurtenant to the slide S for holdlng' the shaft C in place,"while the shaft similarly retains in proper position, the stop-farm hub c4 b the described coaction of the facesS and a.' Said tooth device', :is

` 7', constitutes one means (herein shown as vbeing appartenant to the slide-lock), which .is in position and 'connected forf turning said shaft during the swinging movement of thelever-form slide-lock 1n" a direction to engage said stop-arm with said lock-face 1 ofthe slide; said shaft; during'such n1o-ve'v ment,- is turned under the transmitted vpressure of said slide-actuating" spring, which is thus one means appurtenant to the assembled frame,fbarreland slide, for subject-` ing the cross-shaft to-a frictional resistance to being turned in the aforesaidalined shaft seats. j

When the mechanisml is thus organized and fully assembled, an importantadva'ni .tage is secured in thatthe stop-lever d will be positively vheld inplace at all times, whether the slide S shall be moving, or whether this slide shall be at rest at any lpoint whatever within the length of its stroke. To disassemble the mechanism, said..

. slide S is moved to. a partially retracted position- (Fig. 12;),1for bringing thelo'cking.

Vrecess 2 directly` over the enlarged end, c4',-

of the assembling shaftfCgat lthis time the slide-wall 3stands directly'in front ofthe face d8 lof the stop-lever hub alt, thereby re'- taining said leverl d securely in place and in] thus entirel a positive manner. Said slidevhaving been thus positioned, the operator may1 then push .on the smaller end c of said shaft C, (pushing toward the right-hand in Fig.` 5)', and withdraw this member from its seat in t e frame. p of said cross-shaft or cross-bar, (Fig, 13),

After such removal and while'said stop-lever remains in place,

the o erator is-then free to draw the slide and arrel of from the frame in` aforward direction; and, during thisdisassembllng operation,the lnward projectiona2 of the stop-lever d will continue to stand `with the inner end, or point thereof (Figl l) en! ga 'ng above the ma azine follower n.

. fter the crossLsha' Q has' been removed (in such or similar manner asv just .eX-

plained), the operator may then, if desired, move themain slide S to the position (Fig. 13) for4 bringing said recessA '2 above thel hub all of the stop-lever, and'may then draw this lever directly away from the frame, (down- 'v cross-shaft securely 1n place; at the same I time-the inwardly-*facing ace 8;at the forv ward end of the tooth-spa e`8,-engages for-V kward of the outer end of the stop-lever toothj device `,7, and thus prevents the withdrawal.

ofthe hub-portion d4, 011 said lever.A

' From the foregoing description as trated, it will now beevident that by reason of the lorganization, vhere described, said cross-shaft andi stop-levermembers are ooj actively'-fengaged, and are made removable one onlyat a time, and only in the sequence described. Also, as will now beevident, the ,y

stop-lever 'd is not provided with the cross- '.shaft, nor does thisv shaft, as C, have any handle or like Adevice appurtenant thereto,

4or whereby to Aaid `in the removal thereof -from the frame'. On the-contraryaf rthe v v 115 slide and barrel may 'be'. disassembled" while cross-shaft shall Abe withdraw it e ame,

said lever-0l remains assembled' on thel frame,

so that said stop-lever is in iiolway involved i in thel operation' ofremovng the crossshaft.

The described form of -shaft-actuator,-v and;

the manner of its said engagement, consti# tutes said actuator a means appartenant to the slide-lock whereby this'vmemberis lnorbe withdrawn subsequentv to,-and not `in ad- Vance ofthe withdrawl' of the crossish'aft.. .l

Having thus decsribed my invention, 'I

claimv.

l. lln a firearm, 1n'comb 1nat1on,a frame and avbarrel each provided with interlock l ,f

fmally held in place, and is only permitted to v125 iso.

and a barrel each provided with interlock portions having transversely-disposed therein alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having a lockface and sup' rted for reci rocating movements forwar and rearwa y o'n the frame; a barrel an shaft disposed in and fitted -to be turned in said alined seats, and in position for directly uniting the frame and barrel without inter- 'vening parts; a lever-form slide-lock operably supported on the frame for swinging working movements to engage. with and disengage from said lock-face;l and, a shaftturning actuator-'in' position and connectedv for `turning the cross-shaft from the swinging movement o'f the slide-lock.

3. In a firearm, in combination, a frame and a barrel each provided with interlock portions having transversely-disposed there-4 in alined cross-shaft seats, of al slide having a lockface andI su rted for'reci rocating movements forwar lyoand rearwar. ly on the frame; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft disposed in and fitted to be turned in said alined seats and in position; for directly uniting the frame and barrel without intervenin parts; Y a slide-lock pperably supporte on the frame for working movements to engage with and disengage from 'said lock-face, and also supported in a position adjacent to said shaft; and, a shat-turnmg actuator appurtenant to the slide-lock and in position and connected for turning the cross-shaft from the working movements of the slide lock."

' 4. In a firearm, in combination, a frame and a barrel each provided with interlock portions havin thereinalined cross-shaft seats, of a sli e having a lock-fa and supported for reciprocating movements for.

wardly and rearwardly on the frame; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft .disposed in and fitted to be turned in said alined seats, and in position for directlyV uniting the frame and barrel without intervening arts; means appurtenant to the assembled ame, barrel and slide for. subjectin the cross-shaft to a frictional resistance to eing turned in said shaftlseats; a slide-lock operably supported on the frame for working frame uniting cross,

movements to engage with and disengagel rel and frame uniting cross-shaft disposed in and fitted to be turned in said alined seats andin position for directly uniting the fra-me and barrel 'without intervenin arts; 'means appurtenant to the assembler? Frame, barrel and slide for subjecting the crossshaft to a frictional resistance to being turned in said shaft-seats; a slide-lock operably supported on' the frlame (fior working movements to en a wit an ydisenga from said lock-fagc'eg;e and, a shaft-turnige actuator appurtenant to the slide-lock and in position and connected for turning the crossshaft from the working movements of the slide lockf l 6. In a firearm, in combinatiompa frame and a barrel' each provided with interlock portions having therein lalined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having a lock-face and sup-,- ported for reciprocating movements forwardly and rearwardly on the frame; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft disposed in and fitted to be turned in said alined seats; means ap urtenant to the assembled frame, barrel an slide'forsubjectin the cross-shaft to a frictional resistance to in turned in said shaft-seats; a lever-form sli e-lock pivotally supported on the frame for turning movements to engage with and disengage from said lock-face; and, actuating means operatively connecting the cross-shaft and slide-lock for concurrent turning movements in op osite directions, respectively.

7. n a firearm, in combination, a frame and a barrel each provided with interlock portions havingA transversely-disposed therein alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having a lock-face and supported for reci rpcating movements forwardly and rearwar 1y on the frame; a barrel and frame uniting crosssliaft disposed in and fitted-to be turned in saidl alined seats; a slide actuatin spring intermediate tothe slide and barre and in position and connected for subjecting the cross-shaft to a frictional resistance a inst turning in vsaid shaft-seats; a slide-loc operably supported on the frame for working movements to engage with and disengage from said lock-face; land, actuating means and a barrel each provided with interlock portions having transversely-di in alined cross-shaft seats, of a s ide havingl a lock-face and supported; for reciprocating movements forwardly and' rearwardly on the frame; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft disposed in and fitted to be turned -in said alined seats; a slide actuating spring v intermediate to the slide'and barrel, and in position and` connected for. subjecting the cross-shaftv to a frictional-'resistance against turning in said shaft-seats; a lever-form' slide-lock pivotally supported on the frame for turning movements to engage with and disengage from said lock-face; and, actuat- J ing lmeans operably. connecting the crossmovements to engage with and disengageshaft and slide-lock for concurrentiturning movements in opposite directions, respectively.

. w, 9. ln a firearm, 1n combination, afi-ame and a barrel each provided with interlock `portions having transversely-disposed the-rein alined cross-shaft seats, of' a slide having a lock-face and supported for reciprocating movements forwardly and rearwardly on the frame; a,v barrel and frame unitingcross-P shaft disposed in and fitted to b e .turIie'din said alined seats; a slide actuating spring intermediate to the slide and barrel, and in position and connected for subjecting the cross-'shaft to a frictional resistance against turning in said shaft-seats; a slime-lock op.- erably supportedon the frame or working from said lock-face; and, a shaft-turning actuatorappurtenant .to the slide-lock and in position and lconnected for turning the crossshaft on the working movement of the slidelock.

10. In a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, each provided near the rearward end ofthe'barrel with interlock vportions having transversely-disposed and alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having a lock-face and supported for reciprocating movements on the frame; a slide-actuating spring intermediate' to the slide and barrel; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft disposed and fitted to be' turned in said alined seats while subjected to friction` derived from said spring; a slide-lock supported -for a swinging movement on the frame and havinga pivotal connection with .the frame; and, a shaft-turning actuatorl appurtenantto s'aid slide-lock and in position and connected for turningl the shaft under the transmitted pressureof A said Slide-.- actuating sprlng during a swinging movement ofthe slide-lock about said pivotall conneotion for coaction with said lock-face.

11.V lin a firearm, the combination with a i frame and with a barrel, each provided near the rearward endofthe barrel with inter'- lock portions having transversely-disposed Y and alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide havinga lock-face and supported for reciprocating movements on the frame, af slide-actuating spring intermediate to the slide and 'barrel -a barrel and frame uniting cross` shaft disposed and fitted to beturned in Isaid alilned seats while subjected to friction derived from said spring; a slide-flock supported for a swinging movement on the frame andv having a pivotal connection withl the frame in a position contiguous to said shaft; and, a shaft-turning actuator appurtenant to and )having a fixed position on said slide-lock, and in position `and connected for turning the shaft under the transmitted pressure of said` slide-actuating spring during a swinging movement of the 'slide-lock about .said pivotal connection for coaction with said lock-face.

12. `In a firearm, vthe combindtion with a frame and a barrel each provided near'the rearward end of the barrel withwinterlock portions having transversely disposed and alined cross-shaft seats, of a'slide having .a locklface and retractably supported on the \frame; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft disposed andtted to be turned in said. alined seats and in 4position for directly uniting the frame and barrel without intervening parts; a slide-lock supported on the frame by a pivotal connection adjacent to and rearward'of said shaft, and having a stop-face in position for being swung into@ engagement withl said lock-face when the slide is retracted; and, a shaft-turningactuator i a purtenant. to the slide-10pk and connecte for turning said shaft 1n saidv alined shaftseats of ithe frame and the barrel, whereby the force ofthe recoil applies a pressure to the shaft for thereby frictionally restraining the movements of said shaft v L and also of said slide-lock.A n v 13. 1n a firearm, the combination with a frame and a barrel each provided near the rearwardv end of the barrel with? interlock` portions having transversely disposed Aand alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having a lock-face and retractably supported on the frame; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft disposed and fitted tobe turned in said alined seats and in position for directly uniting the frame and barrel without intervening parts, "'a. slide-lock supported on the frame by a pivotal connection adjacent to and rearward of said shaft, andhaving a' stop-face in position for being swung into engagement .with vsaid' lock-face when the slide is retracted; a shaft-turning actuator'l rearward end of the barrel with interlock portions having transversely-disposed and alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having a lock-face and retractably supported on the frame; a barrel and frame uniting cro'- shaft disposed and tted to be turned in said alined seats; a slide-lock supported on the frame by a pivotal connection adjacent toy and rearward of said shaft, and having a stop-face in position for being swung into engagement with said lock-face when 'the slide is retracted; a shaft-turning actuator appurtenant to the slide-lock and connected for turning said shaft in said alined shaft-seats ofthe frame and the barrel, whereby .the force of the recoil applies a pressure to the shaft for thereby frictionally restraining the movements of said sha-ft and also of said slide-lockiand, means appurtenant to the slide for normally holdand comprising a recess arranged for permitting the withdrawal thereof one only at a time.

2'5 15. In a lirearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide having a lock-face and retractably sup rted on the frame, said frame. and barre having near the rearward end 'of the barrel, interlock portlons provided transversely with a crossshaft seat; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft disposed in said shaft-seat, and in position Y for directly uniting the frame and barrel without interveing parts; a slide-lock 85 consisting of a member formed separately from said cross-shaft, and operably supported on the frame adjacent to said crossshaft, and in position for engaging with and disen ging from said lock-face when the slide 1s retracted; and, ueans coactive between the slide-lock and cross-shaft for turning the cross-shaft from. the operation of the slide-lock when the slide is in a retracted position. 16. In -a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide havlng a lock-face and retractably supported 011 the frame, said frame and barrel having near the rearward end of the barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with a crossshaft seat; a barrel and frame uniting cross- Shaft disposed-in said shaft-seat and in position for directly 'uniting the frame and barrel without intervening parts, and also having a transverse bearing face 1n a position adjoining one side of the frame .a Slide-lock consisting ofa member formed separately from said cross-shaft, and' operably supported onthe frame adjacent to said 6.0 cross-shaft; and in position for engaging with and disengaging from `said lock-face when the slide isfretracted; means coactive.

between the slide-lock and cross-shaft for o ratin the cross-shaft fromtheoperation o vthe slide-lock when the slide is in a rerng in place said cross-shaft and slide-lock,v

tracted position; and, means appartenant -V -j the slide and in positionifor coaction with v, A

said transverse bearing face of the crossshaft when the slide is retracted to a position for a slide-lock to engage said lock-face.

17. In a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide having a lock-face andl 'retractably supported on the frame, said frame and' barrel having near the rearward end of the barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with a cross-shaft seat; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft disposed in said shaft-seat, and also having a transverse bearing face in a position adjoining one side of the frame; means `appurtenant to the slide and in `sition and arranged for coaction with sai transverse bearing face of the crosse shaft and thereby hold the cross-shaft from frame, and with a barrel, of a slide having v y a slide-lock-engaging lock-face and retractably supported on the frame, said' frame 101 and barrel having interlock portions prof vided transversely with a cross-shaft seat,

and said slide having a side-wall with ani",

inner surface in position for engaging with and thereby normally retaining in place a 10| cross-shaft and a slide-lock; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft disposed in said' shaft seats and provided with an outwardly-` acing and transverse face in position thereon for engaging said inner surface of the r11( slide, and also provided longitudinally thereof with an actuator receiving s ace having at its outer end a transverse an inwardly-facing slide-lock-retaining- -lfaee; a slide-actuating spring-in position and con- 11! nected for applying pressure to the crossshaft and thereby frictionally7 restraining the turning of this shaft durm the rear'- ward movement ofthe slide 'on t e frame; a slide-lock having a slide-engaging facezand y1N journaled on the frame adjacent to .said cross-shaft, and provided with a shaft-turnlng 'actuator in position for engaging .sald actuator-receiving s ace and against said slide-lock retaining aceof the cr0s8- 12| shaft for thereby preventing a withdrawal of the slide-lock in advance of a withdrawal of the cross-shaft, and also provided with an outwardl -facirfg transverse face in'position ithereon or engaging said inner surface of' l2' assente' the slide-Wall; and, a magazine follovver in position and connected for upwardly actuat.

ing the slide-lock to engage the slide-engaging face thereof with the lock-face ofthe pressure 4of said slide-actuating spring,

said slide Wall and the inner surface thereof i having therein a recesswhich, when brought to said shaft-seat'permits the withdrawal through the recess of the cross-shaft'whileA the slide-lock is held in place by the slide,

and which, when brought to the slide-lock journal subsequent to 'such a Withdrawal of the .cross-shaft, permits the withdrawal of the slide-lock.

19. In a firearm, the combinationv with a frame, and with a barrel, of a slide having a slide-lock-engaging lock-face and retractably supported on the. frame, lsaid frame and barrel having interlock portions provided transversely with a cross-shaft seat, and said slide having a side-wall with an inner surface in -position for engaging with and thereby normally retainiing ini place a cross-shaft and aslide-lock; abarrel and frame uniting cross-shaft disposed inA said shaft seats and.- provided with an outwardly-facing and transverse face in position thereon for engaging said inner surface of the slide, andalso provided longitudinally thereof with a tooth-receiving space having at its outer end aA transverse and inwardly-facing slide-lock-retaining face; a slide-actuating springv yin position and connected for applying pressure-to the cross-shaft and thereby frictionally re` straining the turning of thisshaft during the rearward movement ofthe slide on the frame; and, a slide-lock havinga slide-engaging face and journaledon the frame adjacent to said cross-shaft, and provided With 4a shaft-turning tooth device in position for engaging 1n said tooth-receivingl space and against said slide-lock retaining face of the cross-shaft for thereby preventing a Withdrawal of the slide-lock in advance'l of a Withdrawal of the cross-shaft and also prov'ided with an'outwardly-facing transverse4 face in position thereon for engaging said i inner surface of the slide-Wall.

20. In a firearm,'th`e combination With'a frame, and with a barrel', of a-slide having a slide-lock-engaging lock-face and retract? ably supported on .the frame,l said frame and barrel having interlock portions 4provided transversely with a cross-shaft seat, and saidslide having a side-wallwithan .innersurface inI position for engaging .vvithandthereby normally retaining inpla'ce a cross-shaft and a` slide-lock; a cross-shaft dis osed Wit an outwardly-facing 'and \`transverse in 'saidshaft seats and provided.

.permits the Withdrawal vided with'a shaft-turning actuator in positionY for engaging in said'actuator-receiving vspace and against said slide-lock retaining face of the lcross-shaft for thereby preventing a Withdrawal bf the slide-lock in advance of a Withdrawal ofthe cross-shaft and also provided WithV an outwardly-facing transverse face in position thereon for engaging said inner surface of the slide-Wall;

direction to engage the slide-engaging face thereof with the lock-face of the slide when/ the slideis retracted, and -also during such movement to turn the cross-shaft in said shaft-seat, said slide- Wall and the inner surface thereof having therein a recess which,

when brought to said shaft-seat permits the' withdrawal through the recess ofthe crossshaft.

21, In a firearm, the combination with a frame, and with a barrel, of a slide having a slide-lock-engaging' lock-face andretractably supported onv the frame, said frame ,and barrel having interlock portions provided transversely with a cross-shaft `seat,' and saidslide having a side-wall with an inner surface in position for engaging with and thereby normally retaining in place a Across-shaft and a slide-lock; a cross-shaft disposed in' said shaft seats and provided Wit an outwardly-facing `and transverse face in position thereon for engaging said inner surface of the slide,. and also provided longitudinally thereof With an 'actuatorreceiving space having at its outer end a transverse and inwardly-'facing slidelock-retaining face;v and, a slide-look hav- 4' and, a magazine follower in position and 'connected for actuating the slide-lock in a ing a" slide-engaging face and journaled l on the frame adjacent to said cross-shaft, and provided with a shaft-turning actuator device in position for engaging in said actuator-receiving space .and against said slide-lock-retaining face of the cross-shaft for thereby preventing a Withdrawal- )of the slide-lock in advance of a Withdrawalv of the cross-shaft, and also provided lv vith an outwardly-facing. transverse face in position thereon for engaging said inner 'surface of the 'slide-Wall, said slide-Wall and .the inner surfacethereof having therein la recess which, when brought to said shaftvseat permits the Withdrawal through the recess of thev cross-shaft, and` which, when brought to the slide-lock journal subsequent `to such a `Withdrawal of the *cross-shaft, of ,the slide-lock.

the

22. In a firearm, thel combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide reciprocatable on the frame and provide-d with a depending wall engaging over one si le of the frame and there having an inwardlyfacing surface in position or engaging a cross-shaft and a slide-lock, said frame and barrel each having near the rearward end of the barrel, interlock ortions provided transversely with aline cross-shaft seats positioned in the frame at a height partly above and partly below the lower edge o f said de endin wall of the slide; a crossshaft ispose in said alined seats and thereby releasably uniting the frame and barrel, and provided with a transverse face in position thereon for engaging said inwardly-facing surface of the slide wall, for normally holding the cross-shaft in place when the slide is in forward position; a shaft-actuating slide-lock operably supported on the frame in a position rearward ofsaid'crossshaft and at a height artly above and partly below the lower e ge of said depending wall of the slide, and which is provided with a face in position thereon for en aging vwith said inwardly-facing surface o the slide wall, for thereby normally holding the slide-lock in place; and said depending slide-wall having said inwardlyfacing surface thereof in a position on the slide for being (on a partial retraction of the slide) drawn out of engagement with the cross-shaft and thereby (while the slidelock is held in place) permit the cross-shaft to be withdrawn, and for being (on a further retraction of the slide), drawn out of engagement with the slide-lock, and thereby permit the slide-lock to be withdrawn.

23. In a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide reciprocatable on the frame and provided with a depending wall engaging over one side o the frame and there having an inwardlyfacing surface in position for engaging a cross-shaft and a slide-lock, said frame and barrel each having near the rearward end of barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with alined cross-shaft seats positioned inthe frame at a height partly above and partly below the lower edge of said depending wall of the slide; a crossshaft disposed in said alined seats and thereby releasably uniting the frame and barrel, and provided with a transverse face in position thereon for engaging said inwardly-facing surface of the slide wall, for normally holding the cross-shaft in place when the slide is in forward position; a shaft-actuating slide-lock pivotally supported on the frame by a journal-portion l which is positioned in the frame adjacent to l 'f" height partly of said 'cross-shaft and at a above and partly below the lower Aedge of said` depending wall of the and rearward )lace' and said de endin()r slide-wall having said inwardly-facing surface thereof in a. position on the slide for being on a partial retraction of the slide drawn out of engagement with the cross-shaft and thereby permit the cross-shaft to be withdrawn.

24. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat and also havin a magazine provided with a follower; a s aft supported in said shaft-seat and provided with a transverse face; a slidelock consisting of a member formed separate from said -shaft and operably-supported on the frame adjacent to said shaft and Aprovided with a stop-face in position and arranged for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; a bi'eech-slide reti'actable through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position on the frame and provided with a lock-face in position'for coaction with said stop-.face when the slide is retracted to a loading-position, said slide being also provided longitudinally thereof with a shaftengaging face in position for engaging with said transverse face on said shaft, and having therein a shaft-releasing space through which in one position of the slide said body portion ofthe shaft may be withdrawn from said shaft-seat; means appui-tenant to the slide-lock and follower for actuating the stop-face toward the slide-engaging position thereof; and, means in position and connected for turning said shaft during the movement of the slide-lock. I

25. In a lire-arm, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat and also having a magazine provided with a follower; a shaft supported in said shaft- `-seat and provided with a transverse face;

a slide-lock formed separate from said shaft and operably-supported on the frame adjacent to said shaft and provided with a stop-arm in position and arranged for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; a breechslide retractable through from a firing t0 a loading position on the frame and provided with a lock-face in position for coaction with said stop-arm when the slide is retracted to a loadingosition, said slide being also provided ongitudinally thereof with a shaft-engaging face in position for engaging with said transverse face on said shaft, and having therein a shaft-releasing space through which in one position of the slide said body portion of theshaft inay be withdrawn from said shaft-seat; a slide-actuating spring and means for transmitting therefrom a pressure to said shaft for frictionally restraining the turning of the a loading stroke 1l?) shaft; means appurtenant to the stop-arm and followerfor actuating the stop-arm toward the and, means in position and connected for turning said shaft during a movement of the slide-lock in a Adirection for engaging sgil Stop-arm with said lock-face of the s 1 e.

V 26. In a firearm, the combination, with a frame, a barrel and a slide7 havin a lockface, said frame having transverselgy thereof a shaft-seat comprising two alined seats of which one seat is larger than the other; of Va frame-and-barrel .uniting cross-shaft in.saidj shaft-seat and having an enlarged shaft-head portion fitting and rotatable within said larger shaft-seat; a slide-lock' consisting of a ,n1ember formed separately from said cross-shaft, and operably supported on the frame'in position for coaction with the lock-face when the slide `is .retracted from a firing lto 4a loading position `on the frame; and, a shaft-actuator device .in position and connected for coaction with said shaft-head Lfor turning the shaft-in said shaft-seatsL .f

27. .In a firearm, the combination, with a frame, a barrel and a slide having a lockface, said frame having a 'shaft-seat comprismg two alined seats of which one seat is larger than the. other;' ofa frame-andbarrel uniting cross-s aft in said shaftslide-engaging position thereof;

lock being provided with a shaft-actuator device in position for coaction with the faces ofsaid actuator-receiving space of the shafthead to turn the shaft in said shaft-seats, and the shaft-.head havin said transverse face thereof'in a position for engagin outside of said actuator device and there y'retain the slide-lock in place on the frame.

29. In a firearm of theL class described, the combination 'with a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat, and with a slide having a lock-face, of a cross-shaft in said shaft-seat, and a slide-lock havin ai hubportion journaled inthe frame, adjacent t .said-shaft-seat and having a stop-face co operative with said lock-face of the slide,

,said shaft and said hub-portion having appurtenant to one of them an actuator-device coactlvely engaging the other of them, and

arranged for turning the shaft concurrently- 1witli the working movements of the slideoc l 30. In a firearm ofthe class described, the combination with a frame having'y transversely thereof a shaft-seat, and with a slide having a lock-face, of a cross-shaft in said shaft-seat, and; a slide-lock having a hubseat and having an enlarged head portion 1 fitting and rotatable within said larger shaft-seat, and having longitudinally therelin. an actuator-receiving space having actuation faces-and which is open at the inner endand closed vat the outenencl; a slide-lock consisting of Ia member formed separatelyy from said cross-shaft and supported for a working movement lon the, frame and in aposition for coaction with portion pivotally supported on the frame adjacent to said shaft-seat, and having a stop-face cooperative with said lock-face of the slide, said shaft and said hub-portion havingappurtenant to one of them an actug atOr-device coactively engaging the other of v them, and arranged for turning the shaft concurrently with the working movements of the slide-lock.- i

- 31. Ina firearm ofthe class described,

the combination withl a frame having a shaft-seat, a barrel,- and a .slide havin a -lock-face, of a frame-andbarrel-uniting said lock-face when the slide, is retractedf from a firing to a loading posltion;` and,`

a shaft-actuator device in position on .the slide-lock for coactin with, the faces of said actuator-receiving space 'of the shafthead and thereby turn the shaft in said shaft-seats rfrom a working movement of the slide-lock.

28. In a irearm,'the combination, with a frame, a barrel and a slide having a lockface, said frame 'having a' shaft-seat comprismg two valined-seats of which one seat is larger than the other.; of a frame-andbarrel uniting cross-shaft in said shaft-seat and having an enlarged head portion fitting an'd rotatable within said larger 'shaft-seat, and having longitudinally therein an actuator-receiving space having actuation faces V and which is open at the inner end and 1s closed at the outer end by a transverse face; a slide-lock operably supported on the frame in position for coaotionwith saidlockface when the slide is vretracted from a firing to ""a loading position on the frame, said slidecross-shaft in said `shaft-seat; a slide-lock having a hub-portion journaled on the frame adjacent to said shaft-seat, .and having astop-face coperative with said lock-face of the -slide,` said shaft and said hub-portion having appurtenant toone of them an actuator-device c-oactively '.'engaging' the other of them, and arrangedfor turning the .shafty I concurrently with the vworkingmovements A .o f the slide-lock; and meansaplpurtenant to 115 the slide for retaining said .shaft in said seat,

" and for releasing the shaft when the slideis inone position thereof on the frame. A

432. In a firearm of the'class described, the combination vwith a frame .having a shaftseat, a'barrel, and a slide'having a lock-I 1 face, of a frame-and-barrel-uniting crossshaft in said shaft-seat; a slide-lock having a hubportion journaled on vthe frame adl.

jacent to said shaft-seat, .andfhaving a -stop-l facecoperative with said lock-face of the slide, said shaft and sald hub-portion having appurtenant tov one of them an actuator device coaotively engaging the other of them, and arrangedlfor turning the shaft concurrently with the Working movements of the slide-lock; means eoaetive with the barrel for transmitting a movement-resistlng force through said shaft and actuatordevice .to the slide-look; and, means appurtenant to the slide and arranged for normally retaining said shaft in said seat and also for. retaining the slide-look on the frame, and also arranged for releasing the shaft when the slide is in one position there- 10 JOHN D. PEDERSEN.

Witnesses E. C; GILBERT, 'L1 E. WETMORE. 

